Date of Award

5-2025

Document Type

Thesis

First Advisor

Deepa Prakash, Ph.D.

Second Advisor

Daniel Gurnon Ph.D.

Third Advisor

Yao Li M.A.

Abstract

The Covid-19 pandemic exposed both strengths and vulnerabilities in global responses, many of which were shaped by underlying norms and behavioral expectations within key institutions. Understanding how these norms influenced decision-making, collaboration, and communication—and how they were themselves challenged or reshaped by the crisis—can provide valuable insights for improving future responses. While some norms adapted in response to the evolving crisis, others remained stagnant or were inconsistently enforced, contributing to fragmented and, at times, ineffective responses. This paper investigates the role of norms in three critical sectors: the scientific community, the international order, and China. Within the scientific community, norms around data sharing, peer review, and public communication faced new pressures. In the international order, norms of cooperation, transparency, and mutual aid were tested as countries responded with varying degrees of coordination. Meanwhile, China’s domestic and international behavior highlighted tensions between national interests and global expectations. The paper explores how pre-existing norms shaped early responses to the pandemic and how the crisis, in turn, disrupted or reinforced these norms. It concludes with a set of policy recommendations tailored to each sector, aiming to address institutional shortcomings and enhance global preparedness and resilience in the face of future public health emergencies.

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